The telephone system in Israel is a most progressed one, when it is developed in international newest standards.

Almost everyone in the country is connected to an analog phone line at home or owns a personal cell phone.
The main phone company in the country is Bezeq, which supplies all the phone and internet services in the home connections area.

In addition there are new communication companies that also provide telephone and internet services.  

In the cell phones area there are a few companies that give the cell services, when each has its own beat rates, term of use and information services.
If you want to get a cell phone for your travel you can rent one in the Ben Gurion Airport, when almost every cell company has its own store in the building.

You can find a public phone in almost every street or neighborhood, when you can dial to every number around the world by using a dialing card.
The dialing cards are available in every post office and its price is moving according to the amount of beat rates you buy within the card.

In general, no matter in which way you decide to make a call, the beat rates price changes due to the time of the call.
The lowest rates are preformed in the evening hours and in the Jewish Shabbat time. The exact hours of the low rates can be checked with the service company you are dialing through.
 
If you need to locate a phone number in Israel by a name or an address you can dial from every phone numbers (including cell phones) to the direct information service, 144, and get the number.

In order to dial from abroad to a number in Israel you have to dial the Israeli international number 972, and then the area number you are dialing to and only then you dial the number to which to want to get connected.